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2025 Vol.52, Issue 4 Preview Page

Engineering

Rollover characteristics of a 3.4-kW walking-type automatic pepper transplanter on sloped conditions
Eliezel Habineza1
,
Md Nasim Reza12
,
Kyu-Ho Lee12
,
Dae-Hyun Lee12
,
Sun-Ok Chung12*
,
Seok-Ho Park3*
1Department of Smart Agricultural Systems, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
2Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
3National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54875, Korea
*Corresponding Author
1 December 2025. pp. 547-561
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Abstract

Rollover accident is a major cause of injury and death in farm machinery, especially on slopes or uneven ground. Enhancing rollover resistance and safety is vital for mechanizing labor-intensive crops like pepper, where transplanting is still mostly manual. This study assessed the rollover characteristics of a 3.4 kW walking-type pepper transplanter through simulations and experimental tests under both unloaded and loaded conditions. Rollover metrics including rollover angles, tipping forces, and rollover time were evaluated using multibody dynamics simulation with commercial software and validation tests on an inclination platform. Lateral rollover simulations exhibited consistent angles across load states as 28.20° (left) and 27.90° (right) unloaded, and 27.80° (left) and 27.70° (right) loaded. Measured angles (25.81 - 27.81°) confirmed symmetry and stability in lateral rollover response. The front direction demonstrated the highest stability, with a constant simulated rollover angle of 36.80° and corresponding tipping forces between 1,494 N and 1,518 N. In contrast, the rear direction showed prominent vulnerability, with rollover angles decreasing from 13.50° (unloaded) to 11.20° (loaded), and rollover times as low as 2.12 s. Increased tipping forces in the rear under load further indicate risk associated with rearward center of gravity (CG) shifts. The results offered key insights to improve the stability and safety of walking-type transplanters on sloped fields, particularly by addressing rearward rollover risk and enhancing structural design.

Keywords
agricultural machinery
center of gravity
pepper transplanter
rollover risk
sloped terrain
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Information
  • Publisher :Institute of Agricultural Science, Chungnam National University
  • Publisher(Ko) :충남대학교 농업과학연구소
  • Journal Title :Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
  • Journal Title(Ko) :농업과학연구
  • Volume : 52
  • No :4
  • Pages :547-561
  • Received Date : 2025-08-20
  • Revised Date : 2025-09-12
  • Accepted Date : 2025-09-16
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7744/kjoas.520412
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