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Animal
- Management of cattle manure compost, awareness of maturity testing, and distribution by barn size in Hanwoo farms of Gyeongbuk Province
- Soon Hwangbo, Sung Il Kim, Ji-Hong Lee
- This study surveyed 60 Hanwoo cattle farms in Gyeongbuk Province to see how compost management, awareness of maturity tests, and distribution differ …
- This study surveyed 60 Hanwoo cattle farms in Gyeongbuk Province to see how compost management, awareness of maturity tests, and distribution differ by barn size. Data were first divided by barn area, and frequency counts and chi-square tests were used to check differences between size groups. Most farms did not keep proper compost management records, and when they did, they were mostly handwritten. Only some big farms used computers. For compost storage and management, compost was usually kept in inside-barn or on-farm compost sheds, and 56.7% of farms answered that they wanted additional storage facilities. Bigger farms knew more about maturity testing, sampling and recognition level of test agency but smaller farms showed low awareness. Transport of compost was more often done by farmland owner when barn size was bigger. On the other hand, in the small groups the share of self-transport was relatively higher. Compost was mostly given for free; large farms spread it on their own land, while small farms moved it to other fields. These results show that compost work, testing action, and distribution differ by size. Small farms need help for record keeping, ICT use, and linking compost with regional nutrient needs, so livestock compost can be used as a useful resource, not as waste. - COLLAPSE
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Animal
- Effects of L-phenylalanine supplementation on hyperprolific sow and litter performance during lactation
- Elick Njoroge Kinara, Abdolreza Hosseindoust, Jun Young Mun, Habeeb Tajudeen, Sang Hun Ha, Priscilla Neves Silvestre, Jin Soo Kim
- This study sought to determine the effect of L-phenylalanine (Phe) on reproductive traits on high prolific sows and their litters. The …
- This study sought to determine the effect of L-phenylalanine (Phe) on reproductive traits on high prolific sows and their litters. The experiment was conducted using 36 crossbred sows (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire; body weight [BW] 225.22 ± 17.77 kg; parity 3; gestation length of 114 - 116 days). The sows were grouped into two categories based on their litter size: group 1 (18 sows with lower litter size: 11 - 15 piglets per sow) and group 2 (18 sows with higher litter size: 16 - 20 piglets per sow). The dietary groups consisted of: (1) corn-soybean meal basal diets (CN); (2) CN + 0.2% Phe (CP2); (3) CN + 0.4% Phe (CP4). Each dietary group was replicated across twelve stalls, with 6 sows in each category. The dietary intervention was administered from the 90th day of gestation until the 21st day of lactation. Results revealed that supplementing 0.2% or 0.4% Phe did not affect BW, average daily feed intake, estrus interval, interaction between sow and Phe, back fat thickness, litter size, piglet survivability, milk composition, or thyroxine level, regardless of litter size. Sows with large litter size experienced greater BW loss with higher initial and weaned litters (p < 0.05). In contrast, piglets from sows with smaller litters exhibited higher (p < 0.05) weights at both birth and weaning. In conclusion, Phe was not able to specifically enhance the reproductive qualities or growth performance of lactating sows. - COLLAPSE
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Animal
- Effects of a combined nutritional and cooling strategy on productivity and immune responses in heat-stressed Holstein dairy cows
- Byeongcheol Ban, Jaesung Lee, Sungyong Joo, Jihoo Park, Seonho Kim, Mooyoung Jung, Sangsuk Lee, Myunghoo Kim
- This study investigated the heat stress mitigation effects of combining nutritional (heat-treated fermented soybean meal, HFSBM) and cooling interventions in dairy cows. …
- This study investigated the heat stress mitigation effects of combining nutritional (heat-treated fermented soybean meal, HFSBM) and cooling interventions in dairy cows. Twelve Holstein cows were assigned to a control (CON; n = 6) or heat stress-mitigating treatment (HSMT; n = 6) group for 2 weeks under heat stress condition (temperature humidity index [THI] = 80.60). CON received a standard total mixed ration (TMR), while HSMT received TMR with 0.1% HFSBM and was exposed to a cooling system (fans and misting). Productivity, physiological parameters, and gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were evaluated. No significant differences were observed in milk yield, milk composition, respiration rate, or rectal temperature. However, HSMT significantly reduced mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β (p = 0.038) and IFN-γ (p = 0.021) in PBMCs. mRNA expression of the cellular stress marker HSP90 (p = 0.028) also significantly decreased in the HSMT group. Furthermore, HSMT significantly increased mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes SOD1 (p = 0.003) and CAT (p = 0.002). Although the 2-week combined treatment did not affect production or physiological indices, it effectively alleviated stress responses at the cellular and molecular levels. These findings suggest that combining cooling and HFSBM supplementation effectively enhances immune stability and health by reducing inflammation and cellular stress in heat-stressed dairy cows. - COLLAPSE
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Plant & Forest
- Effects of natural and planting regeneration on soil properties, forest productivity and economic feasibility 20 years after a forest fire in Goseong
- Si Ho Han, Ji Young An, Woo Bin Youn, Byung Bae Park
- The large-scale forest fires in Goseong and Korea’s eastern coastal region in 1996 and 2000 caused extensive ecological and socio-economic damage. In …
- The large-scale forest fires in Goseong and Korea’s eastern coastal region in 1996 and 2000 caused extensive ecological and socio-economic damage. In response, natural regeneration (NAT) and planting regeneration (PLT) were applied, and permanent plots were established to monitor long-term changes. This study evaluated soil properties, forest productivity, and economic feasibility 20 years after the fire. Soil analyses across three depths (0 - 30 cm) showed that NAT maintained higher pH (6.0), organic matter (2.5%), and nitrogen (0.06%), while PLT had greater bulk density (1.4 g·cm-3), available phosphorus (14.4 mg·kg-1), and cation exchange capacity (CEC; 14.9 cmolc·kg-1). Compared with immediate post-fire conditions, soil fertility partially recovered, with increases in pH (+11%), available phosphorus (+188%), and CEC (+44%), but declines in organic matter (-22%) and nitrogen (-42%). Forest structure also differed that NAT supported higher tree density and seven hardwood species, whereas PLT promoted faster growth, larger diameter at breast height (DBH), and greater leaf biomass. Total aboveground biomass did not differ significantly between NAT and PLT (p = 0.565), despite contrasting stand structure and biomass allocation. Economic evaluation over a 50-year rotation revealed a benefit–cost ratio of 1.24 for PLT, which was more than double that of NAT (0.58). These results indicate that planting regeneration enhances tree growth and economic returns, while NAT sustains soil fertility and species diversity. A complementary approach that integrates both methods may therefore guide more effective regeneration strategies and long-term forest management planning after large-scale fires. - COLLAPSE
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Animal
- Dietary monzogranite supplementation affect gut microbiota in weanling pigs
- Jun Young Mun, Abdolreza Hosseindoust, Habeeb Tajudeen, Sang Hun Ha, Yong-Soo Park, So Lim Park, Seong-Il Lim, Jin Soo Kim
- Silicon dioxide is known to have high surface activity, greater absorption ability, larger anions, and cation exchange capacity than in the gut. …
- Silicon dioxide is known to have high surface activity, greater absorption ability, larger anions, and cation exchange capacity than in the gut. This experiment was carried out to clarify whether dietary monzogranite (MON) supplementation as a silicon dioxide source with different levels can change the microbiological environment in weanling pigs and how gut microbiota affects performance. Weanling pigs were randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 10 replicates, and 4 pigs were in each replicate. The experimental treatments consisted of a control (basal diet, CON), basal diet + 0.1% MON (MO1), basal diet + 0.2% MON (MO2), and basal diet + 0.3% MON (MO3). The fecal microbiota alpha diversity of weanling pigs fed the MO2 and MO3 diet revealed a lower Chao 1 index compared to CON and MO1 (p < 0.05). Unweighted UniFrac distance and Bray-curtis dissimilarity analysis showed significant differences between CON and MO2, CON and MO3. In the cladogram of LEfSe analysis of bacterial differences, two groups were compared with CON and MO1, CON and MO2, and CON and MO3. MO1 group was greater in the Clostridiales, Clostridia, and Peptostreptococcaceae whereas the CON group had greater in the Erysipelotrichi, RF39, and Peptococcus. The pigs fed different levels of MON did not show any significant difference in growth performance. These findings suggest that the supplementation of monzogranite to the feed may influence the anaerobic microorganisms in the gut; however, further validation is required to assess its effects on performance in pigs. - COLLAPSE
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Food & Chemistry
- Combination of soil color information and machine learning technique for rapid quantification of soil organic matter
- Yun-Gu Kang, Jun-Yeong Lee, Jun-Ho Kim, Jiwon Choi, Yong-Jun Kim, Taek-Keun Oh
- Soil organic matter (OM) is a crucial indicator of soil productivity and sustainable management; however, traditional OM quantification is time-consuming and labor-intensive. …
- Soil organic matter (OM) is a crucial indicator of soil productivity and sustainable management; however, traditional OM quantification is time-consuming and labor-intensive. This study aimed to develop land-use-specific OM predictive models using smartphone-based soil color data and machine learning (ML) algorithms. A total of 1,459 soil samples were collected from upland, paddy, and orchard fields in the Chungcheong province, South Korea. Soil images were captured using four different smartphones (e.g., Samsung and Apple) under controlled conditions, and color variables were converted into Commission Internationale de I’Elcairage (CIE)-guided color spaces (e.g., CIE-L*a*b* and CIE-L*c*h*) to minimize device-specific errors. Three ML algorithms, including multiple linear regression (MLR), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF), were evaluated. Pearson correlation analysis identified L*, b*, and h* parameters as key predictors, confirming that soil color darkens as OM content increases. Among the ML algorithms, RF model demonstrated the most stable and superior regression performance, achieving a coefficient of determination (R2) of up to 0.759 for paddy soils, while maintaining consistency across both training and test datasets. These findings suggest that integrating smartphone-based colorimetry with RF algorithms provides a potential alternative to traditional OM analysis, enabling efficient real-time field monitoring for sustainable agricultural land management. - COLLAPSE
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Animal
- Effects of Isulsongi mushroom (Lentinula edodes GNA01) supplementation level and feeding period on serum lipid profiles in dogs
- Eun-Gyeom Jung, Soon Hwangbo
- This study examined how the feeding level and duration of Isulsongi mushroom (Lentinula edodes GNA01) affected blood lipid profiles in dogs. …
- This study examined how the feeding level and duration of Isulsongi mushroom (Lentinula edodes GNA01) affected blood lipid profiles in dogs. Eighteen Maltese dogs were split into three groups: control (no supplement), 0.01% (100 mg·kg-1), and 0.02% (200 mg·kg-1). The mushroom powder was given by mouth for nine weeks. Blood was collected at 0, 3, 6, and 9 weeks to measure total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). From these data, atherogenic index (AI) and cardiac risk factor (CRF) were calculated. Data were analyzed by feeding level, feeding period, and their interaction. Dogs supplemented with the mushroom showed lower TC, TGs, and LDL-C and higher HDL-C than the control group. The 0.02% group showed the lowest TC and LDL-C and the highest HDL-C (p < 0.05). AI and CRF decreased as the supplementation level and time increased. These results indicate that Isulsongi mushroom helps regulate lipid levels and could be used as a functional ingredient for dogs. - COLLAPSE
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Plant & Forest
- Analysis of damage characteristics and influencing factors of forest road maintenance
- Seong Man Kim, Ji-Young Son, Hyeongkeun Kweon, Ye Jun Choe, Joon-Woo Lee, Sung-Min Choi
- This study analyzed 237 cases of forest road facility damage caused by natural disasters in South Korea between 2013 and 2023, aiming …
- This study analyzed 237 cases of forest road facility damage caused by natural disasters in South Korea between 2013 and 2023, aiming to quantify damage types and causes, and to examine their relationships with topographic, geological, and meteorological factors. The study sites comprised damage areas with a restoration cost exceeding 500 million KRW, and data sources included Google Earth imagery, Korea Meteorological Administration automatic weather system (AWS) rainfall data, digital elevation model (DEM), and forest soil maps. The results showed that damage was concentrated on embankment slopes (24.1%) and upper valley sections (22.4%), with 72.6% occurring on slopes steeper than 30°. Most damaged sites were composed of sandy soils (60.3%) with shallow soil depths (< 30 cm; 95.4%), and 65.9% were located on east-, south-, or southeast-facing slopes. Higher cumulative rainfall over 14 days prior to the event and higher maximum hourly rainfall were associated with increased damage occurrence. Damage occurred predominantly within 5 years of road construction (57.0%) and within 3 years after timber harvesting (79.1%). Routes of layout Types 1 (50.2%) and 2 (44.3%) showed higher damage rates, particularly when repeatedly crossing watercourses or following the lower slopes. Based on these findings, the study proposes climate-responsive design standards, reinforcement of slope protection facilities, and the establishment of rainfall-based monitoring systems for effective disaster prevention and maintenance of forest roads. - COLLAPSE
Journal Informaiton
Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
Institute of Agricultural Science, Chungnam National University
충남대학교 농업과학연구소
99, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
Tel: +82-42-821-6709 / Fax: +82-42-821-8890 / E-mail: cnuagro@cnu.ac.kr Copyright© Institute of Agricultural Science, Chungnam National University. Powered by APUB
Tel: +82-42-821-6709 / Fax: +82-42-821-8890 / E-mail: cnuagro@cnu.ac.kr Copyright© Institute of Agricultural Science, Chungnam National University. Powered by APUB