Korean Journal of Agricultural Science (Korean J. Agric. Sci.; KJOAS)
Indexed in KCI (Korea Citation Index), Open Access, Peer Reviewed.
pISSN 2466-2402
eISSN 2466-2410
Menu
Kim KW, Ra SH, Renchinkhand G, Ki WJ, Nam MS, Kim WS. Biological properties of fermented milk with fortified whey protein. Korean Journal of Agricultural Science 50:323-336.
Korean Journal of Agricultural Science (Korean J. Agric. Sci.) 2023 June, Volume 50, Issue 2, pages 50:323-336. https://doi.org/10.7744/kjoas.20230023
Received on 28 March 2023, Revised on 02 May 2023, Accepted on 17 May 2023, Published on 30 June 2023.
Ki Whan Kim1, Seok Han Ra2, Gereltuya Renchinkhand1, Woo Jin Ki1, Myoung Soo Nam1,*, Woan Sub Kim3,*
1Division of Animal Resources Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
2Center for Research and Development, Chungmi-Bio Company, Ansung 17528, Korea
3Research Center for Environment Friendly and Quality Livestock Production Technology, Hankyong National University, Ansung 17579, Korea
*Corresponding authors: namsoo@cnu.ac.kr, kimws@hknu.ac.kr
As a byproduct obtained from cheese manufacture, whey protein was developed as a functional food that contains multi-functional proteins. In this study, the biochemical activity of fermented milk prepared by fortifying whey protein with excellent physiological activity was investigated. Immunoglobulin (IgG) content was higher in 10% fortified whey protein fermented milk than in the control. The viable cell counts were 20% higher in the fermented milk with 10% fortified whey protein than in the control group. The antibacterial effect of 10% fortified whey protein fermented milk compared to the control group was shown to be effective against four pathogenic microorganisms, Escherichia coli (KCTC1039), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 530, Salmonela Typhimurium (KCTC3216), and Staphylococcus aureus (KCTC1621). The antioxidant effect by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities wasincreased two-fold in 10% fortified whey protein fermented milk compared to the control. The 10% fortified whey protein fermented milk inhibited the expression of the inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, and induced nitric oxide synthase [iNOS]) in a concentration-dependent manner. In a piglets feeding test, the weight gain with 10% fortified whey protein fermented milk was increased by 18% compared to the control group, and no diarrhea symptoms appeared. Our results clearly demonstrated that 10% fortified whey protein fermented milk could be a useful functional ingredient for improving health.
antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, diarrhea, piglets, viable cell count
Beena A, Prasad V. 1997. Effect of yogurt and bifidus yogurt fortified with skim milk powder, condensed whey and lactose-hydrolysed condensed whey on serum cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in rats. Journal of Dairy Research 64:453-457.
Blois MS. 1958. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature 181:1199-1200.
Boes M, Prodeus AP, Schmidt T, Carroll MC, Chen J. 1998. A critical role of natural immunoglobulin M in immediate defense against systemic bacterial infection. The Journal of Experimental Medicine 188:2381-2386.
Bounous G, Gervais F, Amer V, Batist G, Gold P. 1989. The influence of dietary whey protein on tissue glutathione and the diseases of aging. Clinical and Investigative Medicine 12:343-349.
Bounous G, Gold P. 1991. The biological activity of undenatured dietary whey proteins: Role of glutathione. Clinical and Investigative Medicine 14:296-309.
Corkins MR, Park JH, Davis DV, Slentz DH, MacDonald RG. 1999. Regulation of the insulin-like growth factor axis by increasing cell number in intestinal epithelial (IEC-6) cells. Growth Hormone & IGF Research 9:414-424.
Donnet-Hughes A, Duc N, Serrant P, Vidal K, Schiffrin EJ. 2000. Bioactive molecules in milk and their role in health and disease: The role of transforming growth factor-beta. Immunology and Cell Biology 78:74-79.
Fox PF. 1989. The milk protein system. pp. 1-53. In Developments in Dairy Chemistry. Vol. 4 edited by Fox PF. Elsevir Applied Science, London, UK.
Gill HS, Coull FR, Rutherfurd KJ, Cross ML. 2000. Immunoregulatory peptides in bovine milk. The British Journal of Nutrition 84:S111-S117.
Haversen L, Ohlsson BG, Hahn-Zoric M, Hanson LA, MattsbyBaltzer I. 2002. Lactoferrin down-regulates the LPS-induced cytokine production in monocytic cells via NF-kappa B. Cell Immunology 220:83-95.
Huth PJ, DiRienzo DB, Miller GD. 2004. Major scientific advances with dairy foods in nutrition and health. Journal of Dairy Science 89:1207-1221.
Iigo M, Kuhara T, Ushida Y, Sekine K, Moore MA, Tsuda H. 1999. Inhibitory effects of bovine lactoferrin on colon carcinoma 26 lung metastasis in mice. Clinical & Experimental Metastasis 17:35-40.
Iskandar MM, Dauletbaev N, Kubow S, Mawji N, Lands LC. 2013. Whey protein hydrolysates decrease IL-8 secretion in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated respiratory epithelial cells by affecting LPS binding to Toll-like receptor 4. The British Journal of Nutrition 110:58-68.
Kitts DD, Weiler K. 2003. Bioacive proteins and peptides from food sources. Applications of bioprocesses used in isolation and recovery. Current Pharmaceutical Design 9:1309-1323.
Marcone S, Belton O, Fitzgerald DJ. 2017. Milk-derived bioactive peptides and their health promoting effects: A potential role in atherosclerosis. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 83:152-162.
Marshall K. 2004. Therapeutic applications of whey protein. Alternative Medicine Review 9:136-156.
Nagaoka S, Futamura Y, Miwa K, Awano T, Yamauchi K, Kanamaru Y, Tagashi K, Kuwata T. 2001. Identification of novel hypocholesterolemic peptides derived from bovine milk beta-lactoglobulin. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communnications 281:11-17.
Nagaoka S, Kanamaru Y, Kuzuya Y, Kojima T, Kuwata T. 1992. Comparative studies on the serum cholesterol lowering action of whey protein and soybean protein in rats. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 56:1484-1485.
Petschow BW, Talbott RD, Batema RP. 1999. Ability of lactoferrin to promote the growth of Bifidobacterium spp. in vitro is independent of receptor binding capacity and iron saturation level. Journal of Medical Microbiology 48:541-549.
Piccolomini AF, Iskandar MM, Lands LC, Kubow S. 2012. High hydrostatic pressure pre-treatment of whey proteins enhances whey protein hydrolysate inhibition of oxidative stress and IL-8 secretion in intestinal epithelial cells. Food & Nutrition Research 56:17549. DOI:10.3402/fnr. v56i0.17549.
Ra SH, Bae HC, Nam MS. 2022. Effects of soybean meal fermented by Bacillus coagulans NRR1207 and kefir on the feeding characteristics of weaned HANWOO calves and Holstein cows. Korean Journal of Agricultural Science 49:93-102. [in Korean]
Shimizu N, Dairiki K, Ogawa S, Kaneko T. 2006. Dietary whey protein hydrolysate suppresses development of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions induced by mite antigen in NC/Nga mice. Allergology International 55:185-189.
Tsuda H, Sekine K, Ushida Y, Kuhara T, Takasuka N, Iigo M, Han BS, Moor MA. 2000. Milk and dairy products in cancer prevention: Focus on bovine lactoferrin. Mutation Research 462:227-233.
Ushida Y, Sekine K, Kuhara T, Takasuka N, Iigo M, Maeda M, Tsuda H. 1999. Possible chemopreventive effects of bovine lactoferrin on esophagus and lung carcinogenesis in the rat. Japanese Journal Cancer Research 90:262-267.
Ushida Y, Sekine K, Kuhara T, Takasuka N, Iigo M, Tsuda H. 1998. Inhibitory effects of bovine lactoferrin on intestinal polyposis in the Apc (Min) mouse. Cancer Letters 134:141-145.
Wakabayashi H, Takase M, Tomita M. 2003. Lactoferrin derived from milk protein lactoferrin. Current Pharmaceutical Design 9:1277-1287.
Walzem RL, Dillard CJ, German JB. 2002. Whey components: Millennia of evolution create functionalities for mammalian nutrition: What we know and what we may be overlooking. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 42:353-375.
Yamauchi K, Tomita M, Giehl TJ, Ellison RT. 1993. Antibacterial activity of lactoferrin and a pepsin-derived lactoferrin peptide fragment. Infection and Immunity 61:719-728.
Yan D, Chen D, Shen J, Xiao G, van Wijnen AJ, Im HJ. 2013b. Bovine lactoferricin is anti-inflammatory and anti-catabolic in human articular cartilage and synovium. Journal of Cellular Physiology 228:447-456.
Yan D, Kc R, Chen D, Xiao G, Im HJ. 2013a. Bovine lactoferricin-induced anti-inflammation is, in part, via up-regulation of interleukin-11 by secondary activation of STAT3 in human articular cartilage. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 288:31655-31669.
Yu JM, Son JY, Renchinkhand G, Kim KY, Sim JY, Nam MS. 2020. Properties of hydrolyzedα-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin and bovine serum albumin by the alcalase and its immune-modulation activity in Raw 264.7 cell. Korean Journal of Agricultural Science 47:459-470. [in Korean]
Zhang X, Beynen AC. 1993. Lowering effect of dietary milk-whey protein v. casein on plasma and liver cholesterol concentrations in rats. The British Journal of Nutrition 70:139-146.
Ki Whan Kim, SFC Bio., Director., Research Institution
Seok Han Ra, CM Bio Com., Director., Research Institution
Gereltuya Renchinkhand, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2107-0430
Woo Jin Ki, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8241-874X
Myoung Soo Nam, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0866-1041
Wan Sub Kim, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5612-3515
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
본 연구는 충남대학교사회맞춤형산학협력선도대학육성사업단지원(2019BG038010110) 으로 수행되었으며 이에 감사드립니다.